Oldest diagrams (22 April 967)

Mercury

Venus & East Mebon Sun

Sun of Greater Angkor (in preparation)

Outer planets in the Hinterland (in preparation)

Later diagrams (15 April 967)

Moon of Angkor Wat

Sun of Chau Srei Vibol

Outer planets in the Hinterland

Saturn

Jupiter (in preparation)

Mars (in preparation)

Outer planets in Angkor Proper (in preparation)

Direct links

Temples list and maps

Khmer units

Methods of cartography

Midnight parameters

April 967 CE : Diagrams’ parameters

Periods of revolution

22/04  tables

Mebon Sun

Mercury

Venus

Sun of Greater Angkor

Mars in the Hinterland

Jupiter in the Hinterland

Saturn in the Hinterland

15/04  tables

Moon of Angkor Wat

Sun of Chau Srei Vibol

Mars in the Hinterland

Jupiter in the Hinterland

Saturn in the Hinterland

Mars in Angkor Proper

Jupiter in Angkor Proper

Saturn in Angkor Proper

Khmer historical overview

The Midnight system of Aryabhata and the lunar model of Munjala

The stele of Banteay Srei and the planetary event of April 967

A set of interconnected planetary diagrams covering the Ancient Khmer Empire and brought to light by temples built on key locations reveals capacities, in the fields of astronomy, land-surveying and cartography, which exceed by far the know-how and accuracy previously attributed to Middle-Age scholars.


Other web pages of Robert Bywater and Jean-Pierre Lacroix


International Piri Reis Symposium (September 2004)

EAST ASIAN SHORELINES ON THE PIRI REIS MAP OF AH 919 (AD 1513)

From Bywater, R.A.R. and Lacroix, J.-P. (2004) Journal of Spatial Science


Antarctic continent on Piri Reis map :

Map projections used in selected portulan style maps including the Piri Reis map of 1513


Wim van Binsbergen (Africa Studie Centrum) with the astronomical collaboration of Jean-Pierre Lacroix

Cupmarks, stellar maps, and mankala board-games (overview) An archaeoastronomical and Africanist excursion into Palaeolithic world-views


Thebes: a reflection of the sky on the Pharaoh's earth


Cathedral of Chartres: lunar standstills


The mapmakers from the ice age



Old web site : please see here below

Copyright 2008  Jean-Pierre Lacroix & Robert Bywater  

Last modification : 10 may,  2010


jpl@ancientcartography.net

rab1@ancientcartography.net

JAVA APPLET


Astronomy

The sky between 100000 BC and 100000 AD (french)

Cartographical projections

Equatorial, tranverse and oblique plate carrée projections

Bonne projection

Universal transverse mercator projection

Simple conic and cylindrical equidistant projections

Azimuthal equidistant projection

Stereographic projection

Mercator projection (with circles of "mapmakers from the ice age")

                               User's guide for Mercator projection

Numerized ancient maps

Piri Reis map

The basis of this research is the stanza XLIV of the inscription carved on the stele discovered  in the fourth enclosure’s gopura of the Banteay Srei temple. We are able to demonstrate the stanza provides the houses-signs where the planets, the Sun and the Moon were located on 22 april 967 CE (Julian calendar) at midnight (24 h) although the indicated locations are not, at first sight, compatible with the year when the temple was consecrated. The « Siddhantic » software SEAC, created by Lars Gislén ( http://home.thep.lu.se/~larsg/Site/Welcome.html ), provides the sidereal ecliptic longitudes which are the basis of our demonstration (details on SEAC-22-04-967-B.pdf )

Notice

The Indians used apsides lines which were practically fixed with respect to the star used as degree zero (usually  zeta Piscium) but the apsides lines were, of course, (due to precession) shifting with respect to the vernal equinox . As our current web page diagrams were drawn from ecliptic longitudes calculated from the vernal equinox (the only  method used nowadays), we should have included the precession of the apsides from 499 CE  (epoch of reference of Indian calculations) to 967 CE. Unfortunately, we did not include the precessional shift in the current web pages. The current diagrams will need to be corrected .


Maps for Tomorrow Books 


DRAFTS

Angkor Proper

Big Quadrilateral of Angkor

St Peter Basilica

Zenith culmination on Phnom Kulen